cryptic peptides cryptic HLA peptides - Tumour circular rnas elicit anti tumour immunity by encodingcryptic peptides originate from various genomic elements Unveiling the Significance of Cryptic Peptides in Immunity and Disease

Immunogeniccryptic peptidesdominate the antigenic landscape of ovarian cancer Cryptic peptides, once considered mere byproducts of protein degradation, are now recognized as crucial players in the intricate landscape of the immune system and disease pathology作者：S Prasad·2016·被引用次数：52—In this study, we show that presentation ofendogenously translated cryptic peptidesis enhanced by TLR signaling pathways involved in pathogen recognition as .... Emerging research highlights their potent immunogenicity and their potential as therapeutic targets, particularly in the realm of cancer. These peptides, often originating from non-coding genomic elements or hidden within protein structures, are increasingly being identified as key components of the immunopeptidome.

Historically, the focus in immunology has been on peptides derived from known protein-coding genes. However, a paradigm shift is underway with the discovery that cryptic peptides can constitute a significant portion, sometimes up to 15%, of the HLA class-I ligandome in both healthy and cancerous cells. This finding is supported by a largest database and proteogenomic analysis of searchable peptides, revealing the prevalence of non-canonical open reading frames (ncORFs) in cancer proteomesCryptic epitopes and functional diversity in extracellular proteins. These cryptic molecules are not produced from conventional protein-encoding sequences but rather from regions of the genome that were previously not thought to encode proteinsThe cryptic immunopeptidome in health and disease. For instance, studies have shown that tumour circular RNAs elicit anti-tumour immunity by encoding cryptic peptidesThe cryptome: a subset of the proteome, comprising cryptic ....

The immunogenic potential of cryptic peptides is a central theme in recent scientific discourse. Research indicates that these peptides can efficiently prime naive CD4+ and CD8+ T cells in an antigen-specific manner, leading to the induction of anti-tumour immunity. This is particularly relevant in ovarian cancer (OC), where cryptic peptides are the primary class of tumor antigens. The identification of 500 tumor-specific cryptic peptides may guide future therapeutic strategies.Cryptic antigens flag cancer cells to T cell therapy Furthermore, pancreatic cancer cells express cryptic peptides shared across individuals, making them promising targets for T-cell-based treatments. In fact, cryptic peptides are potently immunogenic, and their cognate T-cell receptors (TCRs) have demonstrated the capability to recognize and eliminate patient-derived pancreatic cancer organoidsDiscovery and therapeutic potential of novel cryptic peptides .... This underscores their therapeutic potential for cancer prevention and treatment.

Beyond cancer, cryptic peptides are implicated in other disease contexts. For example, small hidden peptide residues in collagen molecules are believed to contribute to various biological properties. The understanding of cryptic MHC-associated peptides (MAPs), which originate from various genomic elements, is expanding our knowledge of their role in the immune response. These rapidly degraded polypeptides are very efficient in immune signaling. Interestingly, virus-infected cells also present cryptic HLA peptides, suggesting their potential as target structures for vaccines. The study of the cryptome, a subset of the proteome comprising cryptic peptides, or crypteins, is revealing their prevalence in proteins associated with endocrine signaling and other physiological processes.2025年2月19日—Our research shows thatcryptic peptides are the primary class of tumor antigens in OC. These peptides are immunogenic and may play a role in ...

While many cryptic peptides are immunogenic, some research indicates that cryptic peptides are non-immunogenic due to a low affinity for HLA-I作者：D Huang·2024·被引用次数：166—The cryptic peptidesefficiently primed naive CD4 + and CD8 + T cellsin an antigen-specific manner and induced anti-tumour immunity.. Therefore, enhancing their immunogenicity is a prerequisite for their effective utilization in therapeutic applicationsA Distinct Translation Initiation Mechanism Generates Cryptic .... Techniques like CTG-initiated cryptic peptide translation have shown to efficiently induce CTL-mediated killing of cancer cells in vitro. Moreover, the presentation of endogenously translated cryptic peptides can be enhanced by toll-like receptor (TLR) signaling pathways involved in pathogen recognition.

The exploration of cryptic peptides extends to various fields, including skincare, where peptides in skincare offer a range of benefits. However, the primary focus of current research remains on their immunological and oncological implicationsCryptic Peptides from Collagen: A Critical Review. The ability to translate non-coding stretches of the genome into cryptic peptides presented on the cell surface by human leukocyte antigen (HLA) molecules highlights a novel mechanism for immune surveillance and potential therapeutic intervention. The ongoing efforts to identify cryptic peptides in ovarian cancer and understand their immunogenic potential are paving the way for the development of next-generation immunotherapies.

In summary, cryptic peptides represent a fascinating and increasingly important area of biological research. Their origins from diverse genomic elements, their potent immunogenicity, and their presence in various disease states, particularly cancer, position them as critical targets for future scientific investigation and therapeutic innovation. The continuous effort to develop a proteogenomic analysis of searchable peptides will undoubtedly further illuminate the complex roles these hidden molecules play.